Verb in Korean are the predicates in the sentence. Various meanings are given to verb by conjugation. Korean verbs may be divided into Action verbs and Adjectival verbs.

1. Action Verbs

Communicate the movement or the action of things

Examples:

2. Adjectival Verbs

Describe the state or the characteristics of things

Unlike the action Verb, the Adjectival (Descriptive) Verb has no imperative and propositive verb conjugation. While the action verb can conjugate to “ㄴ(는)다 “,the Adjectival Verb  conjugates to “다”. Therefore, the original (dictionary) form of the adjectival verb can be used in actual sentences, while the original form of the action verb is rarely used in the actual sentences in its original form.

Examples:

3. “이다” Verbs

“이다” is the verb which shows the equivalent relationship between the subject and the predicative noun or the inclusive relationship of the subject within the predicative noun. Usually a noun is placed before “이다”: however, a phrase or a clause may substitute for the noun.”이다”, is used to make a noun, phrase, or clause the predicate of the sentence. This shows the “being” of the subject.

4. “있다”

“있다” conveys the existence of the subject, possession of  something by the subject. “ 있다” can both function as Action and the adjectival verbs. It can conjugate as the action verb and be used in the imperative or propositive mood.

The honorific form of “있다” is “계시다”